A study conducted by researchers at the University of Leeds has projected that poor air quality could lead to the premature deaths of over half a million Europeans each year by 2050 if current trends in greenhouse gas emissions continue. The research highlights the connection between greenhouse gases emitted from vehicles, power plants, and industrial sources and the resultant air pollution that causes significant health risks across Europe.
The findings suggest that up to 250,000 deaths annually in central and western Europe could be averted if stringent measures are implemented to reduce these emissions. Connor Clayton, a PhD student involved in the research, stated, “Europe has quite a high air quality mortality rate because of the density and large degree of urbanisation.” He emphasised the importance of showcasing the benefits of climate change mitigation to policymakers, indicating that proactive measures could yield local health benefits.
The study specifically examined two harmful pollutants: fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface-level ozone (O3). PM2.5 is often generated by coal-burning power plants and industrial activities, while ozone forms when sunlight interacts with greenhouse gases, creating a smog that exacerbates respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Breathing in these pollutants has been linked to severe health conditions, including lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and can adversely affect reproductive health.
Current statistics indicate that pollution from PM2.5 leads to 444,000 deaths per year in Europe, along with 23,000 fatalities attributed to ozone. The researchers modelled potential future scenarios to illustrate the impact of varying levels of emissions. In a low emissions scenario, deaths from PM2.5 could decline to 199,000, with ozone-related deaths dropping to 17,000. However, if emissions continue unmitigated, the total could exceed 500,000 by 2050.
Dr. Clayton noted, “Only high mitigation reduces the absolute number of projected air quality deaths in Europe,” suggesting that without significant reductions in emissions, the health risks associated with air quality will persist or worsen. Areas in Europe that are economically deprived currently experience higher rates of pollution-related deaths, though the research indicates that equitable reductions in emissions could contribute to narrowing this gap.
The study, appearing in the journal Earth’s Future, underscores the dual nature of greenhouse gases and their health impacts. Leading researcher Dr. Jim McQuaid emphasized that the findings provide crucial evidence for transitioning towards a low carbon economy not only to combat climate change but also to protect public health.
Experts urge a coordinated response to both climate change and air pollution, as the actions taken today could significantly alter the health landscape in Europe in the years to come. With continued urbanisation and industrial activity, the emphasis on reducing greenhouse gas emissions remains critical for safeguarding both environmental and public health in the continent.
Source: Noah Wire Services