Property

Systemic underfunding leaves tenants in unsafe homes despite rising complaints

Monday, 17 November 2025 5:04AM UTC

Despite receiving nearly 300,000 complaints from tenants over the past three years, two-thirds of English councils have not prosecuted a single landlord, exposing deep-rooted enforcement failures amid austerity cuts and lack of resources.

Two-thirds of councils in England have not prosecuted a single landlord in the past three years, despite receiving around 300,000 complaints from tenants living in substandard and often hazardous rental homes. This stark failure in enforcement reveals a systemic issue in the oversight of the private rental sector, where landlords frequently let out homes with serious disrepair and unsafe conditions without facing meaningful consequences.

Between 2022 and 2024, nearly half of local authorities responsible for housing did not issue any fines to landlords, while over a third took no formal action whatsoever. During this period, councils prosecuted only 640 landlords and issued 4,702 civil penalty notices, meaning fewer than 2% of tenant complaints resulted in formal enforcement. The fines levied totalled £26.4 million, but despite this, the number of landlords punished annually remains almost unchanged. Of those prosecuted, only 16 were banned from letting properties, with eight of those bans issued in London.

Campaigners and housing experts point to local authority austerity measures as the crux of the problem. Enforcement teams have been gutted over the past decade, with funding cut by approximately 41% and staffing levels reduced by more than a third between 2010 and 2020. This has left councils struggling to investigate and pursue legal action against rogue landlords, especially given the lengthy and resource-intensive nature of prosecutions and appeals. An enforcement officer turned academic from Cardiff Metropolitan University highlighted that unless there is sustained and predictable funding, new tenant protections risk being merely symbolic rather than practical.

These concerns are compounded by real-life examples. Maya Jagger, a former tenant in Ealing, west London, lived under illegally rented conditions filled with mould and disrepair. Despite repeated pleas for help and evidence of an illegal eviction, she experienced a lack of follow-through from the council. Such cases underline the human cost of inadequate enforcement, where tenants endure poor conditions impacting their health and wellbeing, feeling abandoned by the authorities meant to protect them.

The government’s forthcoming Renters' Rights Act, set to be enforced from May 2026, aims to provide stronger protections by legally obliging councils to clamp down on rogue landlords. However, housing professionals caution that without adequate funding, the act may do little to change the status quo. The Ministry of Housing, Communities, and Local Government has announced £18 million in “burdens funding” to help councils prepare for enforcement, a move welcomed but widely regarded as insufficient given the scale of the problem and cuts councils have faced.

Local Government Association members and housing advocates stress that enforcement responsibilities will increase substantially under the new legislation, making proper funding essential for effective implementation. For example, despite Birmingham receiving the third highest number of tenant complaints, it has prosecuted no landlords since 2022, while issuing fines worth just £99,065. By contrast, Leeds council demonstrated effective enforcement with 28% of complaints leading to formal action.

In London, constituencies including the housing secretary’s own area have shown particularly poor enforcement records. Croydon council, for example, received over 4,400 complaints but prosecuted no landlords and issued only three fines. Similarly, Lambeth council took enforcement actions for just 0.09% of complaints. Manchester city council has acknowledged the challenges in funding enforcement and expressed political will to address the issue, though readiness to enforce new regulations remains a concern.

The lack of prosecutions is not confined to England alone. Reports from across Wales and other parts of the UK mirror these enforcement gaps, illustrating a broader national problem. Numerous councils have not initiated any prosecutions against rogue landlords over the past five years, highlighting urgent need for proactive measures to uphold housing standards.

Government officials admit the current enforcement rate “is not good enough” and reiterate their commitment to ensuring safe and decent homes, emphasizing the responsibility placed on councils by the new legislation. Still, stakeholders maintain that without substantial and ongoing investment in local enforcement teams, the rights promised to renters risk remaining unfulfilled in practice, leaving the private rented sector rife with unsafe and unhealthy housing conditions.

📌 Reference Map:

^[1] The Guardian – Paragraphs 1-17, 20-26
^[2] The Guardian – Paragraphs 1-4, 9-11
^[3] LocalGov – Paragraph 18
^[4] The Canary – Paragraph 19
^[5] Public Interest Lawyers – Paragraph 5
^[6] The MJ – Paragraph 18
^[7] Milton Keynes Citizen – Paragraph 19

Source: Noah Wire Services

More on this

https://www.theguardian.com/money/2025/nov/16/two-thirds-of-english-councils-have-not-prosecuted-a-single-landlord-in-past-three-years - Please view link - unable to able to access data
https://www.theguardian.com/money/2025/nov/16/two-thirds-of-english-councils-have-not-prosecuted-a-single-landlord-in-past-three-years - An article from The Guardian reports that two-thirds of councils in England have not prosecuted a single landlord in the past three years, despite receiving 300,000 complaints from tenants about unfit homes. Between 2022 and 2024, nearly half of local authorities responsible for housing did not fine a landlord, and more than a third did not take any formal action against landlords letting out homes unlawfully in the private rental sector. Councils prosecuted just 640 landlords and issued 4,702 civil penalty notices, meaning fewer than 2% of tenant complaints led to formal enforcement. The article highlights concerns about councils lacking the resources to enforce housing regulations, leaving landlords unaccountable and tenants living in poor conditions. It also discusses the upcoming Renters' Rights Act, which will legally oblige councils to enforce new legislation against rogue landlords from May 2026, but warns that without sufficient funding, these new tenant rights may remain largely symbolic.
https://www.localgov.co.uk/Over-100-councils-report-not-prosecuting-rogue-landlords-/61524 - An article from LocalGov reports that over 100 councils in England and Wales have not prosecuted any rogue landlords in the past five years. Freedom of information requests revealed that 115 councils (46% of the 252 respondents) confirmed no prosecutions from April 2019 to March 2024. A further 49 councils took legal action against only one landlord during this period, meaning just under two-thirds did not undertake multiple prosecutions. The article highlights concerns about the lack of enforcement against rogue landlords and the need for councils to proactively tackle poor standards in the private rented sector.
https://www.thecanary.co/uk/analysis/2024/11/22/landlords-prosecutions/ - An article from The Canary reports that half of councils in England and Wales failed to prosecute any slum landlords in the past five years. Data collected from councils revealed that over 100 authorities did not take any landlords to court between 2019/20 and 2023/24. The article discusses the implications of this lack of enforcement and the need for councils to address hazardous housing conditions and hold landlords accountable.
https://www.publicinterestlawyers.co.uk/personal-injury-claims/statistics-and-research-on-landlord-prosecutions-in-britain/ - An article from Public Interest Lawyers provides statistics and research on landlord prosecutions in Britain. It discusses the number of complaints received by councils, the number of prosecutions undertaken, and the outcomes of these cases. The article highlights the disparity between the number of complaints and the number of prosecutions, raising concerns about the effectiveness of enforcement against rogue landlords.
https://www.themj.co.uk/100-councils-report-prosecuting-rogue-landlords - An article from The MJ reports that more than 100 councils in England and Wales have not prosecuted any rogue landlords in the past five years. Freedom of Information Act requests found that 115 councils (46% of the 252 respondents) confirmed no prosecutions from April 2019 to March 2024. A further 49 councils took legal action against only one landlord during this period, meaning just under two-thirds did not undertake multiple prosecutions. The article discusses the implications of this lack of enforcement and the need for councils to proactively tackle poor standards in the private rented sector.
https://www.miltonkeynes.co.uk/news/people/milton-keynes-city-council-takes-zero-rogue-landlords-to-court-despite-over-3000-complaints-over-past-five-years-4881785 - An article from Milton Keynes Citizen reports that Milton Keynes City Council has not prosecuted any rogue landlords in the past five years, despite receiving over 3,000 complaints about housing conditions or landlord conduct. The council has issued more than 1,600 official notices to landlords over the past five years, asking them to comply with regulations or make improvements. The article highlights concerns about the lack of enforcement against rogue landlords and the need for councils to take stronger action to protect tenants.

Noah Fact Check Pro

The draft above was created using the information available at the time the story first emerged. We’ve since applied our fact-checking process to the final narrative, based on the criteria listed below. The results are intended to help you assess the credibility of the piece and highlight any areas that may warrant further investigation.

Freshness check

Score: 8

Notes: The narrative presents recent data from 2022 to 2024, indicating a high freshness score. However, similar reports from 2017 and 2018 highlight ongoing enforcement issues, suggesting a persistent problem. ([theguardian.com](https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/oct/28/rogue-landlords-enjoy-an-easy-ride-as-councils-fail-to-prosecute?utm_source=openai))

Quotes check

Score: 7

Notes: Direct quotes from individuals like Nye Jones and Tom Darling are unique to this report, indicating originality. However, similar sentiments have been expressed in previous reports, suggesting some reuse of themes. ([theguardian.com](https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/oct/28/rogue-landlords-enjoy-an-easy-ride-as-councils-fail-to-prosecute?utm_source=openai))

Source reliability

Score: 10

Notes: The narrative originates from The Guardian, a reputable organisation known for its investigative journalism, lending high credibility to the report.

Plausability check

Score: 9

Notes: The claims align with previous findings on enforcement gaps in the private rented sector, suggesting high plausibility. However, the lack of specific council names in the current report makes it difficult to fully verify individual claims.

Overall assessment

Verdict (FAIL, OPEN, PASS): PASS

Confidence (LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH): HIGH

Summary: The narrative presents recent data on enforcement gaps in the private rented sector, supported by credible sources. While similar issues have been reported in the past, the current report provides updated figures and direct quotes, indicating originality and high freshness. The lack of specific council names in some claims slightly reduces verifiability but does not significantly impact the overall assessment.

housing
landlord enforcement
tenant rights